AeHIN Medical Certificate of Cause of Death (MCCoD) Implementation Guide
0.1.0 - Draft for AeHIN Member Review Asia

Bangladesh Core FHIR Implementation Guide - Published by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: MCCoD Fetal or Infant Death ( Experimental )

Official URL: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/mccod-fetal-or-infant-death Version: 0.1.0
Draft as of 2026-05-21 Computable Name: MCCoDFetalOrInfantDeath

Copyright/Legal: Copyright 2026 AeHIN. Licensed under CC0-1.0.

Profile on Observation documenting fetal or infant death details as recorded in Frame B of the WHO Medical Certificate of Cause of Death (MCCoD).

Conditional guidance: This Observation SHOULD be present when the deceased was an infant aged less than 28 days at death, or when the death was a stillbirth. This is enforced as a warning-level invariant in MCCoDComposition. When intentionally omitted for a non-infant death, the corresponding Composition section SHALL carry an emptyReason.

Form fields captured as components:

  • Multiple pregnancy (Yes/No/Unknown) → LOINC 57722-1
  • Stillborn (Yes/No/Unknown) → local code
  • Hours survived if death within 24h → local code
  • Birth weight in grams → LOINC 8339-4
  • Completed weeks of pregnancy → LOINC 11884-4
  • Age of mother in years → LOINC 63900-5
  • Perinatal maternal conditions → local code (free text)

LOINC code notes:

  • 57722-1 (Birth plurality of Pregnancy) is used for multiple pregnancy — this captures the concept of multiple gestation which underlies the multiple pregnancy question.
  • 63900-5 (Current age or age at death) is applied here to the mother's age at time of delivery/death of the infant.
  • No LOINC codes exist for stillborn Y/N question, hours survived, or perinatal maternal conditions as discrete question concepts; local codes are used and documented for national IG authors.

Usages:

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code Always 'final' — certified on death certificate
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Required Pattern: final
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
..... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
..... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: survey
..... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
..... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Fetal or infant death details
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
.... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
..... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
..... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
..... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Fetal or Infant Death Details
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(Patient) The deceased infant or fetus
... performer SΣ 0..1 Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole) Certifying practitioner
... Slices for component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
.... component:multiplePregnancy SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Multiple pregnancy (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 57722-1: Birth plurality of Pregnancy
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 57722-1
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Multiple pregnancy? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:stillborn SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Stillborn (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Stillborn
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Stillborn? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:hoursSurvived SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Hours survived if death within 24 hours (conditional on stillborn = No)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Hours Survived
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 integer Number of hours survived (0–23)
.... component:birthWeight SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Birth weight in grams
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 8339-4: Birth weight Measured
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8339-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Birth weight in grams
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: g
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: g
.... component:gestationalAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Number of completed weeks of pregnancy
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 11884-4: Gestational age Estimated
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 11884-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Completed weeks of pregnancy
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: wk
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: wk
.... component:motherAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Age of mother in years at time of delivery
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 63900-5: Current age or age at death (applied to mother)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 63900-5
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Mother's age in years
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: yr
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: a
.... component:perinatalMaternalConditions SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Conditions of mother affecting fetus/newborn (perinatal deaths)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Perinatal Maternal Conditions
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 string Free text: maternal conditions affecting fetus/newborn

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:stillborn.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

This structure is derived from Observation

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
... status S 1..1 code Always 'final' — certified on death certificate
Required Pattern: final
... category S 1..1 CodeableConcept Category: survey
Required Pattern: At least the following
.... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
..... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
..... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: survey
... code S 1..1 CodeableConcept Fetal or infant death details
.... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
..... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
..... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
..... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Fetal or Infant Death Details
... performer S 0..1 Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole) Certifying practitioner
... value[x] 0..0 Not used — all findings in components
... Slices for component 0..* BackboneElement Component results
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:multiplePregnancy S 0..1 BackboneElement Multiple pregnancy (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 57722-1: Birth plurality of Pregnancy
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 57722-1
..... value[x] S 1..1 CodeableConcept Multiple pregnancy? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:stillborn S 0..1 BackboneElement Stillborn (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... code
...... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Stillborn
..... value[x] S 1..1 CodeableConcept Stillborn? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:hoursSurvived S 0..1 BackboneElement Hours survived if death within 24 hours (conditional on stillborn = No)
..... code
...... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Hours Survived
..... value[x] S 1..1 integer Number of hours survived (0–23)
.... component:birthWeight S 0..1 BackboneElement Birth weight in grams
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 8339-4: Birth weight Measured
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8339-4
..... value[x] S 1..1 Quantity Birth weight in grams
...... unit 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: g
...... system 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: g
.... component:gestationalAge S 0..1 BackboneElement Number of completed weeks of pregnancy
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 11884-4: Gestational age Estimated
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 11884-4
..... value[x] S 1..1 Quantity Completed weeks of pregnancy
...... unit 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: wk
...... system 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: wk
.... component:motherAge S 0..1 BackboneElement Age of mother in years at time of delivery
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 63900-5: Current age or age at death (applied to mother)
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 63900-5
..... value[x] S 1..1 Quantity Mother's age in years
...... unit 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: yr
...... system 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: a
.... component:perinatalMaternalConditions S 0..1 BackboneElement Conditions of mother affecting fetus/newborn (perinatal deaths)
..... code
...... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Perinatal Maternal Conditions
..... value[x] S 1..1 string Free text: maternal conditions affecting fetus/newborn

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:stillborn.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
... id Σ 0..1 id Logical id of this artifact
... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... language 0..1 code Language of the resource content
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguages Max Binding
... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier Σ 0..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) Fulfills plan, proposal or order
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) Part of referenced event
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code Always 'final' — certified on death certificate
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Required Pattern: final
... category S 1..1 CodeableConcept Category: survey
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.

Required Pattern: At least the following
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
..... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
..... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: survey
..... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
..... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Fetal or infant death details
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
..... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
..... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
..... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Fetal or Infant Death Details
..... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(Patient) The deceased infant or fetus
... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Resource) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
... effective[x] Σ 0..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
.... effectiveTiming Timing
.... effectiveInstant instant
... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
... performer SΣ 0..1 Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole) Certifying practitioner
... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(Specimen) Specimen used for this observation
... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
... referenceRange C 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) Low Range, if relevant
.... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) High Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
.... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
.... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) Related measurements the observation is made from
... Slices for component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
..... value[x] Σ 0..1 Actual component result
...... valueQuantity Quantity
...... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
...... valueString string
...... valueBoolean boolean
...... valueInteger integer
...... valueRange Range
...... valueRatio Ratio
...... valueSampledData SampledData
...... valueTime time
...... valueDateTime dateTime
...... valuePeriod Period
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:multiplePregnancy SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Multiple pregnancy (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 57722-1: Birth plurality of Pregnancy
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 57722-1
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Multiple pregnancy? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:stillborn SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Stillborn (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Stillborn
....... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Stillborn? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:hoursSurvived SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Hours survived if death within 24 hours (conditional on stillborn = No)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Hours Survived
....... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 integer Number of hours survived (0–23)
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:birthWeight SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Birth weight in grams
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 8339-4: Birth weight Measured
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8339-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Birth weight in grams
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: g
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: g
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:gestationalAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Number of completed weeks of pregnancy
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 11884-4: Gestational age Estimated
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 11884-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Completed weeks of pregnancy
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: wk
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: wk
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:motherAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Age of mother in years at time of delivery
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 63900-5: Current age or age at death (applied to mother)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 63900-5
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Mother's age in years
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: yr
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: a
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:perinatalMaternalConditions SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Conditions of mother affecting fetus/newborn (perinatal deaths)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Perinatal Maternal Conditions
....... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 string Free text: maternal conditions affecting fetus/newborn
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.language Base preferred Common Languages 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite Base example SNOMED CT Body Structures 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.method Base example Observation Methods 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type Base preferred Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo Base example Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:stillborn.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

This structure is derived from Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 3 elements(10 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 19 elements
Prohibited: 1 element

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component

Key Elements View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code Always 'final' — certified on death certificate
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Required Pattern: final
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
..... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
..... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: survey
..... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
..... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Fetal or infant death details
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
.... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
..... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
..... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
..... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Fetal or Infant Death Details
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(Patient) The deceased infant or fetus
... performer SΣ 0..1 Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole) Certifying practitioner
... Slices for component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
.... component:multiplePregnancy SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Multiple pregnancy (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 57722-1: Birth plurality of Pregnancy
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 57722-1
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Multiple pregnancy? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:stillborn SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Stillborn (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Stillborn
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Stillborn? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:hoursSurvived SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Hours survived if death within 24 hours (conditional on stillborn = No)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Hours Survived
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 integer Number of hours survived (0–23)
.... component:birthWeight SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Birth weight in grams
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 8339-4: Birth weight Measured
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8339-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Birth weight in grams
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: g
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: g
.... component:gestationalAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Number of completed weeks of pregnancy
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 11884-4: Gestational age Estimated
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 11884-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Completed weeks of pregnancy
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: wk
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: wk
.... component:motherAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Age of mother in years at time of delivery
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 63900-5: Current age or age at death (applied to mother)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 63900-5
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Mother's age in years
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: yr
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: a
.... component:perinatalMaternalConditions SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Conditions of mother affecting fetus/newborn (perinatal deaths)
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Perinatal Maternal Conditions
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 string Free text: maternal conditions affecting fetus/newborn

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:stillborn.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Differential View

This structure is derived from Observation

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
... status S 1..1 code Always 'final' — certified on death certificate
Required Pattern: final
... category S 1..1 CodeableConcept Category: survey
Required Pattern: At least the following
.... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
..... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
..... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: survey
... code S 1..1 CodeableConcept Fetal or infant death details
.... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
..... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
..... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
..... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Fetal or Infant Death Details
... performer S 0..1 Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole) Certifying practitioner
... value[x] 0..0 Not used — all findings in components
... Slices for component 0..* BackboneElement Component results
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:multiplePregnancy S 0..1 BackboneElement Multiple pregnancy (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 57722-1: Birth plurality of Pregnancy
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 57722-1
..... value[x] S 1..1 CodeableConcept Multiple pregnancy? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:stillborn S 0..1 BackboneElement Stillborn (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... code
...... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Stillborn
..... value[x] S 1..1 CodeableConcept Stillborn? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
.... component:hoursSurvived S 0..1 BackboneElement Hours survived if death within 24 hours (conditional on stillborn = No)
..... code
...... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Hours Survived
..... value[x] S 1..1 integer Number of hours survived (0–23)
.... component:birthWeight S 0..1 BackboneElement Birth weight in grams
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 8339-4: Birth weight Measured
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8339-4
..... value[x] S 1..1 Quantity Birth weight in grams
...... unit 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: g
...... system 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: g
.... component:gestationalAge S 0..1 BackboneElement Number of completed weeks of pregnancy
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 11884-4: Gestational age Estimated
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 11884-4
..... value[x] S 1..1 Quantity Completed weeks of pregnancy
...... unit 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: wk
...... system 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: wk
.... component:motherAge S 0..1 BackboneElement Age of mother in years at time of delivery
..... code 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 63900-5: Current age or age at death (applied to mother)
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 63900-5
..... value[x] S 1..1 Quantity Mother's age in years
...... unit 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: yr
...... system 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: a
.... component:perinatalMaternalConditions S 0..1 BackboneElement Conditions of mother affecting fetus/newborn (perinatal deaths)
..... code
...... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... system 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... code 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Perinatal Maternal Conditions
..... value[x] S 1..1 string Free text: maternal conditions affecting fetus/newborn

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:stillborn.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG

Snapshot View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
... id Σ 0..1 id Logical id of this artifact
... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... language 0..1 code Language of the resource content
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguages Max Binding
... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier Σ 0..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) Fulfills plan, proposal or order
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) Part of referenced event
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code Always 'final' — certified on death certificate
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Required Pattern: final
... category S 1..1 CodeableConcept Category: survey
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.

Required Pattern: At least the following
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
..... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
..... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: survey
..... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
..... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Fetal or infant death details
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
..... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
..... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
..... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Fetal or Infant Death Details
..... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(Patient) The deceased infant or fetus
... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Resource) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
... effective[x] Σ 0..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
.... effectiveTiming Timing
.... effectiveInstant instant
... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
... performer SΣ 0..1 Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole) Certifying practitioner
... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(Specimen) Specimen used for this observation
... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
... referenceRange C 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) Low Range, if relevant
.... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) High Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
.... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
.... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) Related measurements the observation is made from
... Slices for component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
..... value[x] Σ 0..1 Actual component result
...... valueQuantity Quantity
...... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
...... valueString string
...... valueBoolean boolean
...... valueInteger integer
...... valueRange Range
...... valueRatio Ratio
...... valueSampledData SampledData
...... valueTime time
...... valueDateTime dateTime
...... valuePeriod Period
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:multiplePregnancy SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Multiple pregnancy (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 57722-1: Birth plurality of Pregnancy
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 57722-1
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Multiple pregnancy? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:stillborn SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Stillborn (Yes/No/Unknown)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Stillborn
....... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept Stillborn? Yes / No / Unknown
Binding: MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown (required)
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:hoursSurvived SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Hours survived if death within 24 hours (conditional on stillborn = No)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Hours Survived
....... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 integer Number of hours survived (0–23)
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:birthWeight SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Birth weight in grams
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 8339-4: Birth weight Measured
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8339-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Birth weight in grams
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: g
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: g
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:gestationalAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Number of completed weeks of pregnancy
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 11884-4: Gestational age Estimated
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 11884-4
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Completed weeks of pregnancy
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: wk
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: wk
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:motherAge SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Age of mother in years at time of delivery
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept LOINC 63900-5: Current age or age at death (applied to mother)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (Complex)
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
....... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 63900-5
....... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
....... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 Quantity Mother's age in years
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
Required Pattern: yr
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
Required Pattern: a
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:perinatalMaternalConditions SΣ 0..1 BackboneElement Conditions of mother affecting fetus/newborn (perinatal deaths)
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
....... system Σ 0..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Required Pattern: http://mccod.w3datanet.com/fhir/CodeSystem/mccod-observation-codes
....... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
....... code Σ 0..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Required Pattern: fetal-or-infant-death
....... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
Required Pattern: Perinatal Maternal Conditions
....... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣ 1..1 string Free text: maternal conditions affecting fetus/newborn
..... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
..... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
..... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.language Base preferred Common Languages 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite Base example SNOMED CT Body Structures 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.method Base example Observation Methods 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type Base preferred Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo Base example Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:multiplePregnancy.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​value[x] Base required MCCoD Yes/No/Unknown 📦0.1.0 This IG
Observation.component:stillborn.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:stillborn.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:hoursSurvived.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:birthWeight.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:gestationalAge.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​value[x].comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:motherAge.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​code Base example LOINC Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component:perinatalMaternalConditions.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

This structure is derived from Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 3 elements(10 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 19 elements
Prohibited: 1 element

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component

 

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron